list files recursively
// list files recursively using ls
while searching for files
ls -R
while searching for files
ls -R | grep 'searchterm'
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vim backreference on search and replace
// description of your code here
Use \(\) to denote an atom.
Use \1 to specify the first atom.
<this is your search and replacement terms>
Use \(\) to denote an atom.
Use \1 to specify the first atom.
<this is your search and replacement terms>
:%s'\(<stuff_to_find>\)'\1<new_stuff>'gc
symbolically link entire directory contents
// description of your code here
ln -s /full/dir/path/to_files /full/dir/path/destination
Run script just before linux reboot (runlevel 6 / rc6.d)
update-rc.d is the program (script) which creates the necessary symbolic links to the /etc/rcX.d directories.
Here we are running the script found at /etc/init.d/updatedb_start, within runlevel 6, which is reboot.
Running this will create a symbolic link to the actual script file which lives within /etc/init.d (as it always should).
So, within /etc/rc6.d/ we'll see a symbolic link to our script.
The period at the end of the command is required. Tells update-rc.d that we're finished with the command (no further runlevels to edit).
We're using "stop" instead of "start" because we want to run the script during the killing off scripts part of the rc6.d scripts.
This causes the script to be run with a "stop" parameter, for example: updatedb_start stop
We don't actually use the stop parameter in this case, it's just ignored.
Here we are running the script found at /etc/init.d/updatedb_start, within runlevel 6, which is reboot.
Running this will create a symbolic link to the actual script file which lives within /etc/init.d (as it always should).
So, within /etc/rc6.d/ we'll see a symbolic link to our script.
The period at the end of the command is required. Tells update-rc.d that we're finished with the command (no further runlevels to edit).
We're using "stop" instead of "start" because we want to run the script during the killing off scripts part of the rc6.d scripts.
This causes the script to be run with a "stop" parameter, for example: updatedb_start stop
We don't actually use the stop parameter in this case, it's just ignored.
update-rc.d updatedb_start stop 18 6 .
log to syslog
how to log something to syslog
logger This is my message to syslog
Test php mysql pdo_mysql
// description of your code here
<?php $link = mysql_connect('localhost','mydbuser','mydbpassword'); if (!$link) { die('Could not connect to MySQL: ' . mysql_error()); } echo 'mySql Connection OK'; mysql_close($link); $dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test','mydbuser','mydbpassword'); if ($dbh) { echo 'mysql_pdo CONNECTION OK'; } else {echo 'mysql_pdo ERROR';} ?>
activate root in ubuntu after install
After this you can run su.
sudo passwd root
running scheduled programs in linux
use crontab
Edit the current configuration for crontab with:
Normally we'd created bash script files located in /usr/local/bin and have them specified for execution within our crontab configuration.
Edit the current configuration for crontab with:
crontab -e
Normally we'd created bash script files located in /usr/local/bin and have them specified for execution within our crontab configuration.
postfix - flush queues / logs
Using the program: postsuper
There are three queues (active, deferred, incoming) and four log directories (bounce, defer, trace, flush).
To remove all mails in the deferred queue:
Note that all of the queues and log dirs are located in:
/var/spool/postfix
There are three queues (active, deferred, incoming) and four log directories (bounce, defer, trace, flush).
To remove all mails in the deferred queue:
postsuper -d ALL deferred
Note that all of the queues and log dirs are located in:
/var/spool/postfix
reboot or shutdown linux server
how to shutdown a linux box with -f skip fsck file system check, -r reboot.
You must always specify a time or the word: now. Give time in minutes by using: +m
Will reboot the server in one minute, skipping fsck on startup.
You must always specify a time or the word: now. Give time in minutes by using: +m
shutdown -rf +1 "Scheduled test of system reboot"
Will reboot the server in one minute, skipping fsck on startup.